Simulated Impact of Time-Varying River Runoff and Greenland Freshwater Discharge on Sea Level Variability in the Beaufort Gyre Over 2005–2018

Global mean sea level has been rising at a rate of 3.25 ± 0.4 mm yr−1 over 1993–2018. Yet several regions are increasing at a much faster rate, such as …

Physical and Unphysical Causes of Nonstationarity in the Relationship Between Barents-Kara Sea Ice and the North Atlantic Oscillation

The role of internal variability in generating an apparent link between autumn Barents-Kara sea (BKS) ice and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been intensely debated. In particular, the …